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bone char
Bone char () is a porous, black, granular material produced by charring animal bones. Its composition varies depending on how it is made; however, it consists mainly of tricalcium phosphate (or hydroxylapatite) 57-80%, calcium carbonate 6-10% and activated carbon 7-10%. It is primarily used for filtration and decolourisation.
==Production==
Bone char is primarily made from cow bones; however, to prevent the spread of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, the skull and spine are never used.〔("Dirty Jobs: Episode Guide" )〕 The bones are heated in a sealed vessel at up to ; a low concentration of oxygen must be maintained while doing this, as it affects the quality of the product, particularly its adsorption capacity. Most of the organic material in the bones is driven off by heat, and was historically collected as Dippel's oil; that which is not driven off remains as activated carbon in the final product. Heating bones in an oxygen-rich atmosphere gives bone ash, which is chemically quite different.
Used bone char can be regenerated by washing with hot water to remove impurities, followed by heating to in a kiln with a controlled amount of air.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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